Roller-bearing



(No Model.)

R. W. HENT.

ROLLER BEARING.

No. 401,884. Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

In vent 0r.-

. ing-rollers on its periphery and journals of UNITED STATES PATENTQFFICE;

REUBEN IN. HENIT, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

" ROLLER-BEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,884, dated April23, 1889.

Original application filed April 16 1887, Serial No. 235,040. Dividedand this application filed August 3, 1888. Serial No.

281,880. (No model.)

i To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REUBEN W. HENT, a citi zen of the United States,residing in the city and county of San Francisco, and State ofCalifornia, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inRoller-Bearings, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of rollerbearings in which areemployed a series of bearing-rollers bearing directly on the shaft andcasing, and a series of separating-rollers bearing neither on the shaftnor casing, but on the bearing rollers, to keep the latter separate fromeach other, and in which the separating-rollers are kept from contactwith the shaft by their bearing on the bearing-rollers, and from contactwith the casing by an encircling ring bearing on the separating-rollersonly. The axis of this ring is liable to shift from the axis of theshaft to a detrimental extent. Such shifting is prevented in myroller-bearin g, (shown and described in my application for patent filedApril 16, 1887, Serial No. 235,040,) in'which the ringis interposedbetween journals of the bearing-rollers on its periphery and journals ofthe separating-rollers on its inner side; but although such interposedring and said journals are exempt from pressure of the load, yet thereisa limit to the number of bearing-rollers that can safely be employedin such construction, on account of the rapid diminution, as the numberof rollers isincreased, of the radial difference between the orbits ofthe two series of rollers, which is necessary to afford space foradequate journals and an adequate ring, and that limit is practicallythe number threethe smallest possible in any construction.

The objectof my invention is to prevent such shifting in roller-bearingshaving four or more, as well as in those having only three,bearing-rollers. This object is attained by the employment, in additionto the said encircling ring in said class of roller-bearings, of a ringinterposed between journals of the separatthe bearing-rollers on itsinner side, the two series of rollers being so arranged relatively toeach other and their journals made of such small but adequate dimensionsthat an adequate ring may be interposed, as last aforesaid, betweenadequate journals. In such ring bearing at its periphery on journals ofthe separating-rollers and at its inner side on journals of thebearing-rollers, in said arrange.- ment and journals of the rollers topermit the employment of such ring, and in the peculiar construction andcombinations of the parts hereinafter set forth, consists, essentially,my invention.

It is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is atransverse section through the center or on the line :20 w, Fig. 2, of arollerbearing embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectionthrough the center or on the line 00 at, Fig. 1. of a bearing-roller anda separating-roller, showing the relative positions of the rollers, asseen along the plane-tangent to both. Fig.

4 is a'side view of said roller-bearing as it rollers; C the journals ofthe separating-rollers; D, the casing; D, sleeves within the cas ing,and H and I the rings.

' The rings are of different diameters, the ring H being the smaller.The sleeve A is shorter than the rollers B, and with that portion of theshaft A upon which it is fitted constitutes the central journal. Thesleeves D have their outer ends in the planes of the ends of the sleeveA, and with those portions of the casing within which they are fittedcon stitute the bearing casing. The rollers B bear on the centraljournal and bearing-casing, but, being longer than the sleeves,bear onlyportions of their lengths on said journal and easing, (bearing directlyon and projecting beyond the sleeves,) and at their projections beyondthe sleeves bear on the rollers C, each roller B on and between tworollers, C. The rollers C bear on the rollers B only, and

Fig. 3 is a side view 7 are so reduced indiameter portions of theirlengths that they bear only on those portions of the rollers B nothearing on the central journal and the bearing-casing, (bearing only onthe rollers B at their projections beyond the sleeves,) each roller 0 onand between two rollers, B. The journals B are formed at thelongitudinal centers of the rollers B and bear on the inner side of thering H. The journals C are formed at the longitudinal cen ters of therollers G and bear on the inner side of the ring I and the periphery ofthe ring H. The ring H is interposed between and bears on the journals Cat its periphery and the journals B at its inner side. The ring I bearsat its inner side on the journals C The arrow-headsindicate the relativedirections, when the casingis stationary, of the axial rotations of theshaft and rollers and of the rings caused by the axial rotations of thejournals B and C.

The rollers B are kept separate from each Other by the rollers C. Therollers C are kept from contact with the shaft by the rollers B,assisted by the bearing of the journals C on the ring H, and fromcontact with the casing by the bearing of the journals 0 on the ring I,and the shifting of the axis of the ring H from the axis of the shaft islimited by the journals Bi. The sleeves and the portions of the rollersB bearing on the sleeves sustaining all the pressure of the load,(provided no more than four rollers, B, are employed,) and the pressurewhich the other parts are required to sustain being too slight to causesubstantialwear, if all sliding friction be avoided, it follows that,the journals B and C the rings H and I, the rollers C, and saidprojections of the rollers B retaining substantially their originaldimensions, whatever the changes in the dimensions of the parts liableto substantial wear, the ring I will be kept coaxial with the ring H bythe journals C the said shifting of its axis will be limited, as is thatof the axis of the ring H, the orbit of the rollers C will be keptcircular and its diameter constant, and if, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and4, the axes of the rollers B are without the square formed by the planesof the axes of the rollers C the orbit of the rollers B will also bekept circular and its diameter constant, (the rollers C forming bearingsfor the rollers B independent of the central journal,) the two orbitswill remain concentric, each roller 0 will be in constant contact withthe two rollers B, between which it is placed, the axes of all therollers will be kept parallel and equidistant, and the rollers B and Cwill be held and kept compactly and exactly in their proper relativepositions by parts exempt from all substantial wear.

All sliding friction may be avoided by the observance of the followingproportions: If the diameters of the journals B and C are equal, asshown in the drawings, and as is preferable, then the diameter of therollers B is to the diameter of the rollers C as the outer diameter ofthe ring H is to its inner diameter. If the diameters of the rollers Band O are equal, then the diameter of the journals (J is to the diameterof the journals B as the outer diameter of the ring H is to its innerdiameter; and if neither the diameters of the journals nor the diametersof the rollers are equal, then the outer diameter of the ring H, dividedby the diameter of a journal, 0 (equaling the number of itsrevolutions,) multiplied by the circumference of a roller, 0, equals theinner diameter of the ring H, divided by the diameter of a journal, B(equaling the number of its revolutions,) multiplied by thecircumference of a roller, Ban equation to which all the anti-frictionproportions are reducible.

Preferably the radial difierence between the two orbits is divided intofour equal parts, and one of the parts taken for the radius of ajournal, B one for the radius of a journal, 0 and the remaining twoparts for the thickness of the ring H, necessitating, if saidproportions are observed, rollers C of smaller diameter than the rollers13. If the rollers C are of the same length as the rollers B, thisradial difference may be nearly equal to the radius of the rollers B,less the radius of a journal, 0 being only limited by the inner sides ofthe sleeves D. If the rollers O are shortened, as they may be, as shownin Fig. 9, and space between the sleeves D is leftsufficient to preventcontact of these rollers with these sleeves, this radial difference willbe limited by the casing only, and therefore may be increased to anyextent by increasing the thickness of the sleeves.

It is the observance of proportions to reduce or avoid sliding frictionthat renders the sleeves D necessary to provide room for the operationof the rollers C, and it is the employment of these sleeves that rendersthe sleeve A necessary to secure evenness of wear of the rollers B. Ifmore than four bearingrollers are employed, some of the pressure of theload, after the commencement of wear of the sleeves and of the rollersB, will be sustained'by the journals and the rings, to their greatdetriment. Therefore the number of bearing-rollers is preferably limitedto four.

The rollers C may be kept in their proper longitudinal position eitherby the ring H and flanges at the ends of the journals C as shown inFigs. 2, 3, and 4, or by flanges on the rollers, as shown in Figs. 5 and6, or by any equivalent means.

The rollers B may be kept in their longitudinal position upon the shaftand Within the bearing-casing by flanges and collars, as shown in Figs.7 and 8, or by any equivalent means.

To facilitate the insertion between the central journal and thebearing-casing of the rollers and rings in their proper relativepositions, each roller 0 is preferably made with one end removable fromthe journal C but the journals B and C may all be made separately from,and after-insertion in their proper places be securely and rigidlyattached to, the rollers B and C, respectively, by slipping the rollerstightly, as sleeves, over extensions of the journals, as shown in Figs;5 and 6, or by any equivalent means. Preferably, however, the journalsnot necessarily removable "are formed integral with the respectiverollers. The sleeve A and the sleeves D may be formed either integralwith or separate from and fastened to the shaft A and the easing D,respectively.

Iclaim as my invention 1. In a roller-bearing, the combination, with aseries of bearing-rollers and a series of separating-rollers bearingonly on the bearing: rollers, of a ring bearing at its periphery onournals of the separating-rollers and at its lnner side on journals ofthe bearing-rollers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a roller-bearing, the combination, with the series ofbearing-rollers B, having journals B and the series of rollers 0,bearing only on the rollers B and having journals C of the ring H,bearing at its periphery on the journals 0 and at its inner side on thejournals B substantially as shown and described, and for the purposesset forth.

3. In a roller-bearing, the combination, with a series ofbearing-rollers, a series of separating-rollers bearing on thebearing-rollers only, and a ring bearing at its inner side on journalsof the separating-rollers, of a smaller ring bearing at its periphery onsaid journals and at its inner side on journals of the bearing-rollers,substantially as set forth.

4. In a r0ller-bearing, the combination, with .the series of rollers B,bearing on and projecting beyond the sleeve A and the sleeves D, andhaving journals E the series of rollers 0, bearing only on the rollers Bat their proj ections and having journals 0*, and the ring I, hearing atits innerside' on the journals C of the ring H,bearing at its periphery'on the journals 0 and at its inner side on the journals 13*,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a roller-bearing, the combination of a series of bearing-rollersbearing on the central j ournaland the bearing-casing, and havingjournals bearing on the inner side of a ring, and a series ofseparating-rollers bearing on the bearing-rollers only and havingjournals bearing on the periphery of said ring and on the inner side ofa larger ring, all constructed and arranged substantially as set fort-h.

6. In a roller-bearing, the combination of i the series of rollers B,bearing on and proj ecting beyond the sleeve A and the sleeves D, andhaving journals B ,'bearing on the inner side of the ring H, and theseries of rollers 0, bearing only on the rollers B at their projections,and having journals 0*, bearing on the periphery of the ring H and onthe inner side of the ring I, all constructed and arranged substantiallyas shown and described, and for.

the purposes set forth.

7-. In a roller-bearing, the combination, with two rings of differentdiameters, of a series of bearing-rollers bearing on the central journaland the bearing-casing, and having journals bearing on the inner side ofthe smaller ring, and a series of separating-rollers keeping thebearing-rollers separate from each other and bearing on thebearing-rollers only, and having journals bearing on the periphery ofsaid smaller ring and on the inner side of the larger ring, allconstructed and arranged substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

8. In a roller-bearing, the combinatiomwith the rings H and I, of theseries of rollers B, bearing on and projecting beyond the sleeve A andthe sleeves D, and having journals B bearing on the inner side of thering H, and the series of rollers 0, bearing only on therollers B attheir projections, and keeping the latter rollers separate from eachother, and having journals C bearing on the periphery of the ring H andon the inner side of the ring I, all constructed and arranged.

substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

9. In a roller-bearing, thecombination, between the shaft and easing, ofa sleeve upon the shaft and sleeves Within the casing, two rings ofdifferent diameters, a series of bearing-rollers bearing on andprojecting beyond said sleeves and having journals bearing on the innerside of the smaller ring, and a series of separating-rollers bearingonly on the bearing-rollers at their projections, each separating-rolleron and between two' bearing-t rollers to keep the latter rollersseparate from each other, and havingv journals bearing on the peripheryof said smaller ring and on the inner side of the larger ring, keepingthe separating-rollers from contact with the casing, all constructed,arranged, and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. In a roller-bearing, the combination, between the shaft A and casingD, of the sleeve A and the sleeves D, having their outer ends in theplanes of the ends of the sleeve A, the rings H and I, the series ofrollers B, bearing on and projecting beyond the sleeves and havingjournals B bearing on the inner side of the ring H, and the series ofrollers C, bearing only on the rollers B at their projections, eachroller 0 on and between two rollers, B, to keep the latter rollersseparate from each other, and having journals 0*, bearing on theperiphery of the ring H and on the inner side of the ring I, keeping therollers G from contact with the casing, all constructed, arranged, andoperating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. 11. A roller-bearing comprising the central journal, thebearing-casing, two rings of different diameters, a series ofbearing-rollers bearing only portions of their lengths on the centraljournal and the bearing-casing and having journals bearing on, the innerside of the smaller ring, a series of separating-rollers keeping thebearing-rollers separate from each ICC other and bearing only on theportions of the bearing-rollers not hearing on the central j ournal andbearing-easing, each separating-roller on and between twobearing-rollers, and havin g journals bearing on the periphery of saidsmaller ring and on the inner side of the larger ring, keeping theseparating rollers from contact with the casing, all constructed,arranged, combined, and adapted to operate substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes set forth.

12. A roller-bearing comprising the shaft A, the sleeve A, the casing D,the sleeves D, having their outer ends in the planes of the ends of thesleeve A, the series of rollers 1 bearing on and projecting beyond thesleeves and having journals B bearing on the inner side of the ring H,the series of rollers 0, keeping the rollers B separate from each other,

and bearing only on the rollers B at their projections beyond thesleeves, eaeh roller C on and between two rollers, B, and havingjournals C bearing on the periphery of the ring H and on the inner sideof the ring I, the said ring 11 interposed between and bearing on thejournals C at its periphery and the journals B at its inner side, andthe said ring; 1 bearing at its inner side on the journals C and keepingthe rollers C from contact with the casing, all constructed, arranged,combined, and adapted to operate substantially as shown and described,and for the. purposes set forth.

REUBEN W. IIENT.

\Vitnesses:

ELLIOTT J. MOORE, WILLIAM GIBBONS.

